{"id":1442,"date":"2016-10-20T20:31:34","date_gmt":"2016-10-20T20:31:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/?page_id=1442"},"modified":"2016-10-20T20:32:38","modified_gmt":"2016-10-20T20:32:38","slug":"vyskyt","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/o-nasili-2\/vyskyt\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdskyt"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: small\">N\u00e1silie na \u017een\u00e1ch je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm a\u00a0\u010doraz vidite\u013enej\u0161\u00edm celospolo\u010densk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom aj v\u00a0podmienkach SR, napriek tomu m\u00e1 vysok\u00fa latenciu. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina n\u00e1siln\u00fdch \u010dinov p\u00e1chan\u00fdch na \u017een\u00e1ch sa p\u00e1cha doma za zavret\u00fdmi dverami, kde okrem det\u00ed nie s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00ed \u017eiadni svedkovia. Pod\u013ea reprezentat\u00edvneho prieskumu v\u00fdskytu a\u00a0sk\u00fasenosti \u017eien s\u00a0n\u00e1sil\u00edm p\u00e1chan\u00fdm na \u017een\u00e1ch na Slovensku realizovanom v\u00a0roku 2008<\/span><a title=\"\" href=\"\/Users\/Pietruchova\/OneDrive\/VaW\/KMC\/e-learning\/Zakladny%20kurz_MPSVR.docx#_edn1\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">[i]<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: small\"> je n\u00e1silie p\u00e1chan\u00e9 na \u017een\u00e1ch v\u00e1\u017enym spolo\u010densk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom. Zasahuje ve\u013ek\u00fa skupinu \u017eien, dot\u00fdka sa r\u00f4znych oblast\u00ed od detstva po dospelos\u0165, int\u00edmne vz\u0165ahy nevyn\u00edmaj\u00fac. Na Slovensku je dom\u00e1cemu n\u00e1siliu vystaven\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 piata \u017eena napr. ka\u017ed\u00e1 piata dospel\u00e1 \u017eena, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti partnera za\u017eila z\u00a0jeho strany n\u00e1siln\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie \u2013 presnej\u0161ie 21,2% dospel\u00fdch \u017eien SR vo veku 18 \u2013 64 rokov.\u00a0 V\u00fdskyt n\u00e1silia p\u00e1chan\u00e9ho na \u017een\u00e1ch od b\u00fdval\u00fdch partnerov je e\u0161te vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed: z\u00a0dospel\u00fdch \u017eien, ktor\u00e9 mali b\u00fdval\u00e9ho partnera, za\u017eilo z\u00a0jeho strany n\u00e1siln\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie\u00a0 27,9% , z\u00a0toho 12.2% vyhranen\u00e9 n\u00e1silie. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;font-size: small\">Napriek odhadovan\u00e9mu vysok\u00e9mu v\u00fdskytu m\u00e1 nielen na Slovensku, ale i\u00a0v\u00a0celej Eur\u00f3pe a\u00a0v\u00a0glob\u00e1lnom meradle, vysok\u00fa mieru latencie. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina n\u00e1siln\u00fdch \u010dinov p\u00e1chan\u00fdch na \u017een\u00e1ch sa p\u00e1cha doma za zavret\u00fdmi dverami, kde okrem det\u00ed nie s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00ed \u017eiadni svedkovia. Samotn\u00e9 deti s\u00fa pritom rovnako obete, \u010di u\u017e priamo zasiahnut\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00edm alebo prostred\u00edm, v\u00a0ktorom vyrastaj\u00fa. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;font-size: small\">Zo \u0161t\u00fadie Agent\u00fary Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie pre z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pr\u00e1va (FRA) so s\u00eddlom vo Viedni, ktor\u00e1 bola prezentovan\u00e1 v marci 2014 vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee <strong>ka\u017ed\u00e1 tretia \u017eena<\/strong> <strong>z Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie bola obe\u0165ou fyzick\u00e9ho alebo sexu\u00e1lneho n\u00e1silia aspo\u0148 raz vo svojom \u017eivote <\/strong>po dosiahnut\u00ed veku 15 rokov. FRA poskytuje v\u00fdsledky najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho svetov\u00e9ho prieskumu o n\u00e1sil\u00ed na \u017een\u00e1ch, ktor\u00fd uskuto\u010dnila FRA na z\u00e1klade rozhovorov s vy\u0161e 40 000 \u017eenami v 28 \u010dlensk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch E\u00da vr\u00e1tane Chorv\u00e1tska. V\u00fdsledky prieskumu tie\u017e uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee <strong>v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina obet\u00ed neozn\u00e1mila incidenty n\u00e1silia na \u017een\u00e1ch<\/strong> pol\u00edcii alebo organiz\u00e1ci\u00e1m na podporu obet\u00ed. N\u00e1sledkom toho v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u017eien, ktor\u00e9 boli obe\u0165ami n\u00e1silia,\u00a0 nepri\u0161la do kontaktu so s\u00fadmi alebo organiz\u00e1ciami poskytuj\u00facimi slu\u017eby. Zo zhrnutia\u00a0 prieskumu\u00a0 agent\u00fary\u00a0 FRA vyplynulo:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pribli\u017ene tretina op\u00fdtan\u00fdch\u00a0 \u017eien m\u00e1 sk\u00fasenos\u0165 s fyzick\u00fdm alebo sexu\u00e1lnym n\u00e1sil\u00edm. Spomedzi \u017eien, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa alebo boli vo vz\u0165ahu s mu\u017eom, 22 % za\u017eilo fyzick\u00e9 a\/alebo sexu\u00e1lne n\u00e1silie;<\/li>\n<li>Po\u010das ostatn\u00fdch 12 mesiacov pred prieskumom za\u017eilo telesn\u00e9 n\u00e1silie pribli\u017ene 13 mili\u00f3nov \u017eien a za rovnak\u00e9 obdobie to plat\u00ed o 3,7 mili\u00f3na \u017eien v pr\u00edpadoch sexu\u00e1lneho n\u00e1silia;<\/li>\n<li>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 dvadsiata \u017eena sa priznala, \u017ee bola zn\u00e1silnen\u00e1 a\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e1 tretia za\u017eila nejak\u00fa formu fyzick\u00e9ho a\/alebo sexu\u00e1lneho \u00fatoku od dov\u0155\u0161enia veku 15 rokov. Spomedzi \u017eien v prieskume, ktor\u00e9 uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, \u017ee boli zn\u00e1silnen\u00e9 s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdm partnerom, pribli\u017ene jedna tretina kon\u0161tatuje, \u017ee ich partner zn\u00e1silnil \u0161es\u0165 alebo viac r\u00e1z. Zn\u00e1silnenie v man\u017eelstve je realita pre\u00a0 mnoh\u00e9 \u017eeny a ve\u013ek\u00fd po\u010det z nich za\u017eil viacero incidentov. Zo \u017eien, ktor\u00e9 za\u017eili sexu\u00e1lne n\u00e1silie zo strany inej osoby ako partnera, takmer desatina uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee na najv\u00e1\u017enej\u0161om incidente sa podie\u013eal viac ako jeden p\u00e1chate\u013e.<\/li>\n<li>V pr\u00edpadoch dom\u00e1ceho n\u00e1silia 67% op\u00fdtan\u00fdch uviedlo, \u017ee \u00fatok nenahl\u00e1sili na pol\u00edcii. Pokia\u013e ide o sexu\u00e1lne ob\u0165a\u017eovanie, to sa \u010dasto vyskytuje na pracovisku;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333\"><span style=\"font-size: small\"><strong>V\u00fdsledky za SR<\/strong> ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0161tvrtina \u017eien za\u017eila n\u00e1silie od b\u00fdval\u00e9ho partner a\u00a012% od s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho partnera;<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1silie od ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek mu\u017ea za\u017eila po\u010das svojho \u017eivota ka\u017ed\u00e1 tretia slovensk\u00e1 \u017eena;<\/li>\n<li>V\u00a0priebehu posledn\u00e9ho roka za\u017eilo od svojho partnera n\u00e1silie 12% \u017eien v\u00a0SR, \u010do predstavuje 140.000 \u017eien; n\u00e1silie od ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek mu\u017ea za\u017eilo v\u00a0rovnakom obdob\u00ed zhruba 230.000 \u017eien (10% dospel\u00fdch \u017eien);<\/li>\n<li>Iba 12% \u017eien uviedlo, \u017ee najz\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edpad n\u00e1silia, ktor\u00e9 za\u017eili, rie\u0161ila pol\u00edcia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333\"><span style=\"font-size: small\">Administrat\u00edvne \u00fadaje, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii v\u00a0SR, ilustruj\u00fa dlhodob\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v\u00a0oblasti n\u00e1silia na \u017een\u00e1ch v\u00a0SR. Z\u00a0h\u013eadiska \u010dasov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoja m\u00f4\u017eeme kon\u0161tatova\u0165 v\u0161eobecn\u00fd pokles n\u00e1silnej kriminality v\u00a0SR a\u00a0tomu adekv\u00e1tne aj pokles hl\u00e1senia \u010dinov n\u00e1silia na \u017een\u00e1ch. Ot\u00e1zne je v\u0161ak, \u010di k\u00a0tak\u00e9muto posunu re\u00e1lne doch\u00e1dza, alebo je to sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 ned\u00f4verou obet\u00ed k\u00a0syst\u00e9mu ochrany. Ro\u010dne rie\u0161i pol\u00edcia zhruba 300 pr\u00edpadov \u201et\u00fdrania bl\u00edzkej a\u00a0zverenej osoby\u201c, z\u00a0toho v \u00be pr\u00edpadov s\u00fa obete \u017eeny ( v\u00a0roku 2008 bolo tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadov 500). V\u00fdrazne st\u00fapaj\u00faci trend je iba v\u00a0oblasti sexu\u00e1lneho zneu\u017e\u00edvania (okolo 500 pr\u00edpadov ro\u010dne), \u010do v\u0161ak vzh\u013eadom na prevalen\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy m\u00f4\u017ee sk\u00f4r znamena\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161iu d\u00f4veru obet\u00ed v\u00a0syst\u00e9m a\u00a0t\u00fdm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det nahl\u00e1sen\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010dinov. Po\u010det vy\u0161etrovan\u00fdch zn\u00e1silnen\u00ed je zhruba 100 pr\u00edpadov za rok.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;font-size: small\">V\u00a0porovnan\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdsledkami v\u00fdskumov o\u00a0v\u00fdskyte n\u00e1silia na \u017een\u00e1ch je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 pr\u00edpady s\u00fa len povestnou \u201e\u0161pi\u010dkou \u013eadovca\u201c. Ve\u013ea st\u00edhan\u00ed skon\u010d\u00ed v\u00a0priestupkovom konan\u00ed, teda pokutou, bez z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1sledkov pre p\u00e1chate\u013ea. Tak\u00fdto syst\u00e9m \u201ebeztrestnosti n\u00e1silia na \u017een\u00e1ch\u201c m\u00f4\u017ee n\u00e1siln\u00edkov povzbudzova\u0165 v\u00a0presved\u010den\u00ed toho, \u017ee sa im ni\u010d nem\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165, ak bud\u00fa pokra\u010dova\u0165 v\u00a0n\u00e1silnom spr\u00e1van\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;font-size: small\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" \/>\n<div>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"\/Users\/Pietruchova\/OneDrive\/VaW\/KMC\/e-learning\/Zakladny%20kurz_MPSVR.docx#_ednref1\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">[i]<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333;font-family: Cambria\"> Filadelfiov\u00e1, Holubov\u00e1 et al., In\u0161tit\u00fat pre v\u00fdskum pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0rodiny, 2008<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"\/Users\/Pietruchova\/OneDrive\/VaW\/KMC\/e-learning\/Zakladny%20kurz_MPSVR.docx#_ednref2\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">[ii]<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333\"><span style=\"font-family: Cambria\"> Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA): <em>Violence against women: an EU-wide survey. <\/em><em>Main results. <\/em>Wien, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u00e1silie na \u017een\u00e1ch je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm a\u00a0\u010doraz vidite\u013enej\u0161\u00edm celospolo\u010densk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom aj v\u00a0podmienkach SR, napriek tomu m\u00e1 vysok\u00fa latenciu. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina n\u00e1siln\u00fdch \u010dinov p\u00e1chan\u00fdch na \u017een\u00e1ch sa p\u00e1cha doma za zavret\u00fdmi dverami, kde okrem det\u00ed nie s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00ed \u017eiadni svedkovia. Pod\u013ea reprezentat\u00edvneho prieskumu v\u00fdskytu a\u00a0sk\u00fasenosti \u017eien s\u00a0n\u00e1sil\u00edm p\u00e1chan\u00fdm na \u017een\u00e1ch na Slovensku realizovanom v\u00a0roku 2008[i] je n\u00e1silie p\u00e1chan\u00e9 &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link block-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/o-nasili-2\/vyskyt\/\">\u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":191,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1442"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1442"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1444,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1442\/revisions\/1444"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}