{"id":331,"date":"2013-05-31T23:00:35","date_gmt":"2013-05-31T23:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/?page_id=331"},"modified":"2013-06-04T21:10:57","modified_gmt":"2013-06-04T21:10:57","slug":"pre-pedagogoc","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/informacie-3\/pre-pedagogoc\/","title":{"rendered":"pre pedag\u00f3gov a \u0161koly"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"left\">Pr\u00edznaky n\u00e1silia v rodine a probl\u00e9my det\u00ed t\u00fdran\u00fdch matiek m\u00f4\u017eeme vn\u00edma\u0165 len vtedy, ak sme na problematiku n\u00e1silia p\u00e1chan\u00e9ho na \u017een\u00e1ch dostato\u010dne citliv\u00ed. Hoci je n\u00e1silie v rodin\u00e1ch ve\u013emi roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd fenom\u00e9n, m\u00f4\u017eu mu pracovn\u00edci a\u00a0pracovn\u00ed\u010dky v oblasti v\u00fdchovy venova\u0165, samozrejme, iba obmedzen\u00fa \u010das\u0165 svojej pracovnej kapacity. Napriek tomu m\u00e1te d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu, preto\u017ee ste v \u00fazkom kontakte s de\u0165mi, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1m d\u00f4veruj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Aby ste sa vyhli pre\u0165a\u017eeniu, h\u013eadajte podporu u koleg\u00fd\u0148 a kolegov, ako aj u\u00a0svojich nadriaden\u00fdch, a nadvia\u017ete kontakt so \u0161pecializovan\u00fdmi in\u0161tit\u00faciami, napr. s odborom soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed \u00faradu pr\u00e1ce, soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed a rodiny, pedagogicko\u2013psychologickou porad\u0148ou, pom\u00e1haj\u00facimi \u017eensk\u00fdmi organiz\u00e1ciami a pod. Odborn\u00ed\u010dky a odborn\u00edkov si m\u00f4\u017eete priz\u00fdva\u0165 na konzult\u00e1cie. \u017diaduce je aj pravideln\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie vzdel\u00e1vanie na t\u00e9mu n\u00e1silie p\u00e1chan\u00e9 na \u017een\u00e1ch a de\u0165och v rodin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><strong>\u010cO M\u00d4\u017dETE POSKYTN\u00da\u0164 \u017dEN\u00c1M POSTIHNUT\u00ddM N\u00c1SIL\u00cdM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">T\u00fdran\u00e9 \u017eeny sa iba zriedkavo obracaj\u00fa so svojimi probl\u00e9mami na pedagogi\u010dky a pedag\u00f3gov svojich det\u00ed. Ove\u013ea \u010dastej\u0161ie sa u\u010dite\u013eky a u\u010ditelia o n\u00e1sil\u00ed p\u00e1chanom na matke dozvedia zo spr\u00e1vania a z rozpr\u00e1vania det\u00ed. V tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch odpor\u00fa\u010dame, aby ste navrhli matke rozhovor, pri\u010dom sa neodvol\u00e1vajte na v\u00fdpovede die\u0165a\u0165a. Die\u0165a sa toti\u017e nesmie dosta\u0165 do poz\u00edcie \u201ezradcu\u201c.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><strong>Vyu\u017eite mo\u017enos\u0165 a pon\u00faknite pomoc a prejavte \u00fa\u010das\u0165.<\/strong> \u017deny v\u00a0n\u00e1siln\u00edckych vz\u0165ahoch s\u00fa pod st\u00e1lym tlakom svojho partnera. Preto treba dba\u0165 na to, aby sme neprisudzovali matke vinu za probl\u00e9my jej die\u0165a\u0165a a\u00a0aby sme ju nepre\u0165a\u017eovali pedagogick\u00fdmi n\u00e1vrhmi a o\u010dak\u00e1vaniami.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Poskytovanie podpory sa m\u00f4\u017ee realizova\u0165 najm\u00e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>individu\u00e1lnym pr\u00edstupom k die\u0165a\u0165u;<\/li>\n<li>rozhovormi o situ\u00e1cii die\u0165a\u0165a;<\/li>\n<li>podnetmi, ako mo\u017eno die\u0165a\u0165u pom\u00f4c\u0165;<\/li>\n<li>inform\u00e1ciami o pom\u00e1haj\u00facich zariadeniach (napr. odbor soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed \u00faradu pr\u00e1ce, soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed a rodiny, detsk\u00e9 kr\u00edzov\u00e9 centrum, pom\u00e1haj\u00face \u017eensk\u00e9 organiz\u00e1cie, porad\u0148a pre \u017eeny);<\/li>\n<li>vyjasnen\u00edm pr\u00e1vnej situ\u00e1cie: kto m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo vyzdvihn\u00fa\u0165 die\u0165a zo \u0161koly;<\/li>\n<li>ak\u00e9 opatrenia zo strany odboru soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed a s\u00fadu s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9, aby bolo die\u0165a zveren\u00e9 do starostlivosti matky, \u010d\u00edm t\u00e1 z\u00edska v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo vyzdvihova\u0165 die\u0165a zo \u0161koly a rozhodova\u0165 vo veciach t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa die\u0165a\u0165a, napr. o kontakte s\u00a0otcom,<\/li>\n<li>pouk\u00e1zan\u00edm na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 opatrenia, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee matka urobi\u0165 v pr\u00edpade n\u00fadzovej situ\u00e1cie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"left\">\u017dena m\u00f4\u017ee za\u010da\u0165 meni\u0165 svoju situ\u00e1ciu, a\u017e ke\u010f z\u00edska podporu a\u00a0ke\u010f sa podar\u00ed ju odbremeni\u0165! \u017divot \u017eeny postihnutej n\u00e1sil\u00edm je pln\u00fd strachu, tak \u017ee si \u010dasto ned\u00f4veruje. <strong>Majte trpezlivos\u0165 a pochopenie, dajte najavo, \u017ee ste jej k dispoz\u00edcii a \u017ee u v\u00e1s n\u00e1jde podporu<\/strong>. Nesna\u017ete sa o r\u00fdchlu zmenu situ\u00e1cie, neo\u010dak\u00e1vajte od nej \u017eiadne radik\u00e1lne rozhodnutia. Informujte ju pom\u00e1haj\u00facich zariadeniach, poskytnite jej informa\u010dn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">PODPORA DET\u00cd V AK\u00daTNEJ SITU\u00c1CII<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Deti potrebuj\u00fa dosta\u0165 mo\u017enos\u0165, aby mohli spracova\u0165 a zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 z\u00e1\u017eitky n\u00e1silia primerane svojmu veku a osobnosti. O svojich starostiach m\u00f4\u017eu v\u0161ak hovori\u0165 len v atmosf\u00e9re d\u00f4very, solidarity a \u00faprimnosti.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><strong>De\u0165om treba da\u0165 jasne najavo, \u017ee nenes\u00fa \u017eiadnu zodpovednos\u0165 za situ\u00e1ciu v rodine. <\/strong>A treba zodpovedne uv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 aj to, \u010di situ\u00e1cia v\u00a0triede ako skupine umo\u017e\u0148uje otv\u00e1ra\u0165 t\u00fato t\u00e9mu v pr\u00edtomnosti ostatn\u00fdch det\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Deti v\u0161ak zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a za\u010dn\u00fa o svojich probl\u00e9moch hovori\u0165 pr\u00e1ve v skupine. Ostatn\u00e9 deti m\u00f4\u017eu z tak\u00fdchto rozhovorov z\u00edska\u0165 aj nie\u010do u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 pre seba t\u00fdm, \u017ee sa zapoja do procesu prekon\u00e1vania probl\u00e9mu, a mo\u017eno si potvrdia i svoje vlastn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Star\u0161\u00ed \u017eiaci sa u\u017e obvykle dok\u00e1\u017eu vyrovn\u00e1va\u0165 s n\u00e1sil\u00edm aj slovne. Pritom majte na pam\u00e4ti, \u017ee je potrebn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>z\u00edska\u0165 si d\u00f4veru die\u0165a\u0165a, ale bez naliehania \u010di n\u00e1tlaku;<\/li>\n<li>pochv\u00e1li\u0165 die\u0165a za to, \u017ee m\u00e1 odvahu hovori\u0165 o svojej situ\u00e1cii;<\/li>\n<li>da\u0165 najavo, \u017ee mu ver\u00edte;<\/li>\n<li>ubezpe\u010di\u0165 die\u0165a, \u017ee sa v\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017ee op\u00fdta\u0165 na v\u0161etko, \u010do potrebuje;<\/li>\n<li>hovori\u0165 s n\u00edm o veciach, ktor\u00e9 v \u0148om vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa strach (rozvod, \u0165a\u017ekosti v \u0161kole, umiestnenie do detsk\u00e9ho domova, riziko, \u017ee by otec po\u0148 pri\u0161iel do \u0161koly);<\/li>\n<li>vyjasni\u0165 si s n\u00edm potreby, ak\u00e9 m\u00e1, a pr\u00edpadne iniciova\u0165 ist\u00e9 opatrenia (napr. ke\u010f die\u0165a hovor\u00ed, \u017ee nechce osta\u0165 doma), prekonzultova\u0165 s matkou a soci\u00e1lnou pracovn\u00ed\u010dkou do\u010dasn\u00e9 umiestnenie v\u00a0stanici opatrovate\u013eskej slu\u017eby (SOS) pre deti alebo v detskom kr\u00edzovom centre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"left\">Ak die\u0165a nie je schopn\u00e9 hovori\u0165 o svojich z\u00e1\u017eitkoch, \u010di u\u017e vzh\u013eadom na vek, ment\u00e1lnu \u00farove\u0148, alebo postihnutie, potom mu treba umo\u017eni\u0165, aby sa vyjadrilo prostredn\u00edctvom in\u00fdch postupov, napr. hran\u00edm rol\u00ed s b\u00e1bikami, kreslen\u00edm a pod. Nejde pritom o terapeutick\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165, ale o pribl\u00ed\u017eenie sa situ\u00e1cii z poh\u013eadu die\u0165a\u0165a.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><strong>Jednorazov\u00e1 aktivita v\u0161ak nesta\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>. Zmyslupln\u00e1 podpora die\u0165a\u0165a m\u00e1 by\u0165 napl\u00e1novan\u00e1 dlhodobo a\u00a0m\u00e1 sa zaklada\u0165 na pravideln\u00fdch kontaktoch, napr. v podobe hod\u00edn vyhraden\u00fdch rozhovorom alebo hre.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Ak die\u0165a \u017eije v nejakom type detsk\u00e9ho domova, potom si treba vyjasni\u0165, \u010di chce pr\u00e1zdniny alebo v\u00edkendy tr\u00e1vi\u0165 s rodi\u010dmi. Ak \u00e1no, mal by by\u0165 vytvoren\u00fd podporn\u00fd pl\u00e1n, \u010di\u017ee by malo by\u0165 jasn\u00e9, na koho sa m\u00f4\u017ee die\u0165a obr\u00e1ti\u0165 v pr\u00edpadnej kr\u00edzovej situ\u00e1cii: na pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch, priate\u013eov, u\u010dite\u013eku? V ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade treba podporova\u0165 \u017eelania die\u0165a\u0165a vo\u010di rodi\u010dom a osob\u00e1m, ktor\u00fdm je die\u0165a zveren\u00e9 do opatery.<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Vzh\u013eadom na zlo\u017eitos\u0165 problematiky navrhujeme zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 aj \u010fal\u0161ie mo\u017enosti:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>po\u017eiada\u0165 o spolupr\u00e1cu odborn\u00edkov a odborn\u00ed\u010dky z va\u0161ej vlastnej in\u0161tit\u00facie, ako napr. v\u00fdchovn\u00e9ho poradcu \u010di poradky\u0148u, psychol\u00f3gov \u010di psychologi\u010dky at\u010f.;<\/li>\n<li>pon\u00faknu\u0165 a sprostredkova\u0165 kurzy \u010fal\u0161ieho vzdel\u00e1vania;<\/li>\n<li>nadviaza\u0165 kontakt s pom\u00e1haj\u00facimi in\u0161tit\u00faciami, ako s\u00fa: pedagogickopsychologick\u00e1 porad\u0148a, detsk\u00e9 kr\u00edzov\u00e9 centrum, odbor soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed \u00faradu pr\u00e1ce, soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed a rodiny, organiz\u00e1cie pom\u00e1haj\u00face \u017een\u00e1m a de\u0165om at\u010f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"left\">Tieto kroky v\u0161ak treba najprv prediskutova\u0165 s matkou a z\u00edska\u0165 aj s\u00fahlas die\u0165a\u0165a (so zoh\u013eadnen\u00edm veku).<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><strong>PODNETY PRE PREVENT\u00cdVNU PR\u00c1CU<\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi pr\u00ed\u010dinami n\u00e1silia s\u00fa snahy o mocensk\u00fa dominanciu, ako aj spolo\u010densk\u00e9 normy a tradi\u010dn\u00e9 rozdelenie rol\u00ed. V\u00fdchovn\u00e9 a\u00a0vzdel\u00e1vacie opatrenia m\u00f4\u017eu prispie\u0165 k zmen\u0161eniu mocenskej nerovnov\u00e1hy medzi pohlaviami. Osobn\u00fd pr\u00edklad pedagogi\u010diek a pedag\u00f3gov (\u010do, samozrejme, predpoklad\u00e1 ich sebareflexiu) motivuje deti a\u00a0ml\u00e1de\u017e kriticky prehodnocova\u0165 tzv. spolo\u010densk\u00e9 skuto\u010dnosti (de\u013ebu pr\u00e1ce medzi \u017eenami a mu\u017emi, r\u00f4zne formy vz\u0165ahov a sp\u00f4sobov \u017eivota). Pre pr\u00e1cu s de\u0165mi a ml\u00e1de\u017eou je potrebn\u00e1 citlivos\u0165 vo\u010di prejavom n\u00e1silia, ktor\u00e9 sa vyskytn\u00fa v r\u00e1mci \u017eiackej skupiny. N\u00e1silie medzi de\u0165mi, resp. ml\u00e1de\u017eou sa mus\u00ed sta\u0165 t\u00e9mou rozhovorov a spracov\u00e1vania vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch oblastiach v\u00fdchovy a vzdel\u00e1vania. O rodovo \u0161pecifick\u00fdch aspektoch (t.j. s\u00favislosti so spolo\u010densk\u00fdm ch\u00e1pan\u00edm \u017eenskej a mu\u017eskej roly) treba hovori\u0165 nielen pri konfront\u00e1ci\u00e1ch medzi chlapcami a diev\u010datami. N\u00e1silie p\u00e1chan\u00e9 chlapcami na diev\u010dat\u00e1ch alebo in\u00fdch chlapcoch s\u00favis\u00ed s nap\u013a\u0148an\u00edm predst\u00e1v o norm\u00e1ch mu\u017enosti (by\u0165 siln\u00fd, presadi\u0165 sa, demon\u0161trova\u0165 fyzick\u00fa prevahu); toto treba st\u00e1le znovu tematizova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Pomocn\u00fdm opatren\u00edm m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj <strong>kurz sebaobrany pre diev\u010dat\u00e1 a tr\u00e9ning senzitivity pre chlapcov<\/strong>. Treba dba\u0165 aj na skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee rodov\u00e1 citlivos\u0165 sa vytv\u00e1ra aj prostredn\u00edctvom jazyka, preto je nevyhnutn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 rodovo citliv\u00fd jazyk (napr. \u017eensk\u00e9 formy pomenovania os\u00f4b \u00a0a profesi\u00ed: \u017eia\u010dka a \u017eiak, lek\u00e1rka a lek\u00e1r, u\u010dite\u013eka a u\u010dite\u013e at\u010f.).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Zdroj:\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/informacie\/publikacie\/\">Kona\u0165 proti n\u00e1siliu na \u017een\u00e1ch<\/a><\/strong>.\u00a0Vydalo Ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce, soci\u00e1lnych vec\u00ed a rodiny SR v spolupr\u00e1ci s Iniciat\u00edvou Piata \u017eena v roku 2008\u00a0v r\u00e1mci N\u00e1rodnej kampane SR Zastavme dom\u00e1ce n\u00e1silie na \u017een\u00e1ch,\u00a0ktor\u00fa iniciovala Rada Eur\u00f3py.\u00a0Na vydanie pripravili OZ Pro Familia a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aspekt.sk\" target=\"_blank\">ZZ\u017d ASPEKT.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00edznaky n\u00e1silia v rodine a probl\u00e9my det\u00ed t\u00fdran\u00fdch matiek m\u00f4\u017eeme vn\u00edma\u0165 len vtedy, ak sme na problematiku n\u00e1silia p\u00e1chan\u00e9ho na \u017een\u00e1ch dostato\u010dne citliv\u00ed. Hoci je n\u00e1silie v rodin\u00e1ch ve\u013emi roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd fenom\u00e9n, m\u00f4\u017eu mu pracovn\u00edci a\u00a0pracovn\u00ed\u010dky v oblasti v\u00fdchovy venova\u0165, samozrejme, iba obmedzen\u00fa \u010das\u0165 svojej pracovnej kapacity. Napriek tomu m\u00e1te d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu, preto\u017ee ste v \u00fazkom &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link block-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/informacie-3\/pre-pedagogoc\/\">\u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":311,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/331"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=331"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/331\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":561,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/331\/revisions\/561"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gender.gov.sk\/zastavmenasilie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}